Hagberg et al. Piepoli et al. Because blood pressure and heart rate responses during the recovery period can be influenced by exercise intensity, it is possible that different intensities of exercise may also have distinct effects on post-exercise rate pressure product.
Therefore, the goal of the present investigation was to study the effect of different exercise intensities on post-exercise blood pressure, heart rate and rate pressure product in humans.
Twelve healthy young normotensive subjects 4 women and 8 men; exercised subjects were studied in the exercise trials, and twelve subjects 7 women and 5 men; rested subjects with similar physical and cardiovascular characteristics were studied in the non-exercise control trial Table 1.
Their healthy condition was confirmed by physical examination and a maximal exercise test. None of the subjects engaged in any regular physical activity program. After a 5-min rest in the sitting position, blood pressure was measured three times during two different visits to the laboratory. On the occasion of each visit, blood pressure was measured by the same experienced observer using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer, taking the first and the fifth phases of Korotkoff sounds as systolic and diastolic values, respectively.
Subjects were excluded if the average of the last two values obtained during each visit for systolic and diastolic blood pressures was greater than and 89 mmHg, respectively. At the beginning of the study, exercised subjects underwent a maximal cycle ergometer exercise test, with 30 W increments every 3 min until exhaustion. Paul, MN , and peak oxygen consumption VO 2 peak was recorded as the highest value of oxygen consumption achieved during the test, calculated during an average s interval.
Exercise protocols. Each of the six possible combinations of exercise intensities was performed by two subjects. Exercise trials were conducted at the same time of day. Subjects were instructed not to exercise 48 h prior to the exercise trials, and to maintain similar activities and meal patterns. For each exercise trial, subjects arrived at the laboratory between and p.
Baseline blood pressure was measured every two and a half minutes in the sitting position for 20 min. After this resting period, volunteers sat on a cycle ergometer Mijnhardt, St.
After exercise, subjects rested in the sitting position for 90 min. During exercise and throughout the recovery period, blood pressure was measured every 5 min.
Blood pressure was recorded by the same observer in all three exercise trials, using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Baseline blood pressure and heart rate levels average of 6 measurements after eliminating the first and last measurements of this period were compared to the post-exercise levels, which were calculated for three recovery periods as the average of all measurements performed between 5 and 30 R , 35 and 60 R , and 65 and 90 R min of recovery.
The rate pressure product was determined as the product of heart rate and systolic blood pressure. Exercise workloads were calculated based on oxygen consumption and workload during the maximal exercise test, using a linear regression equation. Resting protocol. To determine any potential diurnal variations in blood pressure, 12 subjects performed a non-exercise control trial. During this trial, the subjects were submitted to the same experimental protocol as applied to the exercise trials, but instead of pedaling they rested in the sitting position for 45 min.
Blood pressure and heart rate were measured by the same procedures and at the same times as during the exercise trials.
Baseline levels in different exercise trials were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance for repeated measures. During the resting protocol, heart rate, blood pressure and rate pressure product were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance for repeated measures.
Exercise intensity. As expected, heart rate, rate pressure product, and systolic and mean blood pressures increased significantly during exercise and the increases were greater with higher exercise intensities.
Diastolic blood pressure did not change during exercise of any intensity Table 2. Blood pressure. Systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressure values are shown in Figure 1. Heart rate. Heart rate values are shown in Figure 2. So-called "exercise hypertension," an abnormally high spike in blood pressure experienced by generally healthy people during a workout, is a known risk factor for permanent and serious high blood pressure at rest.
But who gets it, and why, has been largely unknown. Now, Johns Hopkins scientists say they have reason to believe that the problem is rooted in the failure of cells that line the blood vessels to allow the arteries to expand to accommodate increased blood flow during exertion. Stewart, Ed. Normally during exercise, blood pressure increases to push the flow of oxygen-rich blood throughout the body. However, in some individuals, the response to exercise is exaggerated.
Instead of reaching a systolic upper number blood pressure of around mmHg at maximal exercise, they spike at mmHg or higher. For the study, published in the April issue of the American Journal of Hypertension , the investigators evaluated 38 men and 44 women ages 55 to 75 who had untreated mild hypertension but were otherwise healthy. Their blood pressures at rest ranged from to mmHg systolic the upper number and 85 to 99 mmHg diastolic the lower number.
As you take charge of your health and formulate an exercise plan, please share your plans with your healthcare provider. You'll want to make sure that you're are starting off with a regimen that is right, safe for you, and meets your individual goals. Try not to get discouraged either—pace yourself and keep going.
Looking to start a diet to better manage your high blood pressure? Our nutrition guide can help. Ciolac EG. Am J Cardiovasc Dis.
Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association. The basics of blood pressure. Holt S. Low blood pressure and exercise: What to look out for. Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellHealth. At any time, you can update your settings through the "EU Privacy" link at the bottom of any page. These choices will be signaled globally to our partners and will not affect browsing data. We and our partners process data to: Actively scan device characteristics for identification.
I Accept Show Purposes. Was this page helpful? In general, your blood pressure should return to normal within several hours of a workout. In fact, regular exercise can help you keep your blood pressure in check. This may involve:. Also check with your doctor before starting a new exercise program if you have low blood pressure hypotension. Exercise — especially exercise that involves sudden changes in posture — can trigger symptoms, including dizziness, blurred vision, and nausea.
In fact, exercise can also be beneficial in treating hypotension, as it helps improve blood circulation. Unmonitored blood pressure in this range can be a sign of a heart attack or stroke. Significant drops in blood pressure after exercise are a risk factor for developing or having hypertension and having certain types of heart disease.
While most people experience a slight drop in blood pressure following exercise, research suggests that people with hypertension experience more significant decreases in blood pressure. Exercise can help regulate blood pressure. If you have hypotension or are at risk for or have hypertension, the following tips can help you improve safety:.
However, extreme spikes or drops in blood pressure can be a sign of a medical condition, such as being at risk for or having hypertension. In fact, exercise can help you keep your blood pressure in check. Speak to your doctor with your questions about exercise and blood pressure. Find out when fluctuating blood pressure is normal and when it may signal an underlying condition. It's possible to see some blood pressure changes during a heart attack, but can a change in blood pressure be a warning sign for a heart attack?
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